INTRODUCTION AND AIM: To present two cases of placoid chorioretinopathy (ocular syphilis and ocular tuberculosis) and underline the importance of differential diagnosis. METHOD: Two young female patients presented with unilateral loss of vision. Fundus examination showed yellowish placoid lesions in the posterior pole in both cases. RESULTS: Performing fluorescein angiography and laboratory investigations, ocular syphilis was diagnosed in our first case and intraocular tuberculosis was diagnosed in our second case. CONCLUSION: It is important to determine the etiology of the placoid choriaretinopathies due to the different prognosis and therapy and the exclusion of systemic diseases. A comprehensive evaluation of these patients is inevitable for the correct diagnosis and appropriate management. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(22): 863-869.